Finally, plastic at sea may transport alien species for long distances or act as substratum for benthic species, providing a support to colonization. 9 N. Beaumont et al. ... N. J. et al. It an economic … Environmental damage to marine ecosystems has been estimated at $13 billion per year. Marine pollution Economic Impact. Job Loss for People. Marine litter is a pressing and growing global environmental challenge, but also an economic ... of plastic and other items that become marine litter. Marine plastic has a global impact on all ecological subjects reviewed. pp.12246–12253. Global Ecological, Social and Economic Impacts of Marine Plastic. The report suggests strategies to address it, including banning single-use plastic materials, improving environmental monitoring, regulating plastic waste and its health impacts, and educating people. 142, Pp. The peculiar shallow-water reefs of the Tropical Southwestern Atlantic Ocean have thrived in conditions considered suboptimal (e.g., moderate turbidit… economic impact associated with marine plastic pollution to coastal communities. One of the defining characteristics of a new epoch in the planet’s history (The Independent) The race to save the planet from plastic (Vox) – Discusses about how to break plastic down, and how a bacterium was found that breaks down PET. Ipbes, 2018. obstruction from receiving the sunlight 15. >600 species are impacted – of which 15% are endangered. 2014. People will absolutely lose their jobs because of the pollution. Since then, global production has been exponentially … Marine litter is an environmental problem of global concern with well-documented impacts on marine biodiversity and ecosystems. (Impacts écologiques, sociaux et économiques dans le monde des plastiques en milieu marin.) From all the synthetic materials ever produced, plastic is the most versatile, overthrowing both glass and metal in many applications, due to its low weight and cost. The management of marine plastic litter contributes to the good environmental status of the seas and oceans and marine ecosystem services. The cost on local government to manage litter in NSW is a staggering $132 million p.a. 768–771. Current knowledge and key outstanding questions regarding the potential impacts of plastic pollution on marine bacteria. >8 million ton plastic leaks into the ocean each year. Marine plastic pollution has a wide range of social and economic impacts. Plastic pollution costs $13 billion in economic damage to marine ecosystems per year. With regards to laboratory species/model organisms, these should be globally available, e.g. This research topic will consider several feature of marine litter impacts from the ecological, ecotoxicological, economical and social impacts. A mess of plastic. This includes losses to the fishing industry and tourism, as well as the cost to clean up beaches. 13. Plastic is a valuable material that is used through - ... Marine litter has economic and social impacts from the local to the international level. May 2019. Environmental, social and economic impacts of tourism. At the current pace, global plastic production will double within the next 10–15 years and reach 1,800 million metric tons by 2050. For example, South Korea’s Geoje Island lost 63% of its tourists after marine … This has a major economic cost – e.g. This includes losses to the fishing industry and tourism, as well as the cost to clean up beaches. Marine ecosystems around the world provide a wealth of ecosystem services (the benefits people obtain from... 2. Economic and Social Impacts View all resources The economic and social impacts of invasive species include both direct effects of a species on property values, agricultural productivity, public utility operations, native fisheries, tourism, and outdoor recreation, as well as costs associated with invasive species control efforts. Economic costs conjectured: $3300–$33,000 per tonne of marine plastic … Plastics are a ubiquitous and persistent form of marine pollution (Gago et al., 2018; Angiolillo, 2019; Barboza et al., 2019a,b) with contamination levels rising drastically on beaches (Barnes, 2005; Kako et al., 2014; Lavers and Bond, 2017), the seafloor (Matsuguma et al., 2017) and coastal and oceanic waters (Lebreton et al., 2018; Ostle et al., 2019). This research takes a holistic approach to considering the consequences of marine plastic pollution. Export of Plastic Debris by Rivers into the Sea. the blue mussel (Mytilus sp.) Marine transportation accounts for 33%. Another effort to value the social and economic impacts of marine plastic pollution looks at how it affects marine ecosystem services. Main. Science. 3.3.4 Towards Understanding the Total Economic Impact on Marine Litter. Valuing Plastics: The Business Case for Measuring, Managing and Disclosing Plastic Use in the Consumer Goods Industry . Nairobi, 11 March, 2019 – The global fight against plastic pollution comes into sharp focus at the Fourth UN Environment Assembly this month in Nairobi, Kenya, with the launch of three reports each addressing different aspects of, and solutions for, the growing impact of plastics on the world’s marine … We also look for ways to help local communities benefit from our presence, contributing in areas such as supporting new businesses, improving road safety or access to energy. While economic costing of ecosystem services is considered a relatively new science, it is clear that marine and coastal litter can impact and deteriorate a range of natural functions that provide on-going social and economic benefits. This research takes a holistic approach to considering the consequences of marine plastic pollution. An ecosystem impact analysis demonstrates that there is global evidence of impact with medium to high frequency on all subjects, with a medium to high degree of irreversibility. This research takes a holistic approach to considering the consequences of marine plastic pollution. Borrelle et al. The ecological impact of plastic pollution of the oceans is evident. But what are the main social and economic consequences? Marine plastic pollution has a wide range of social and economic impacts. Environmental damage to marine ecosystems has been estimated at $13 billion per year. Impacts on marine environment The most visible and disturbing impacts of marine plastics are the ingestion, suffocation and entanglement of hundreds of marine species. Global Consequences of Overfishing. Researchers found that marine plastic has a negative impact on most ecosystem services , including fisheries, aquaculture, climate regulation, pest and disease control, heritage values, and recreation. Human health impacts through the food-chain should also be considered as part of an attempt to assess the socio-economic consequences. Research continues to uncover the growing threats from plastic pollution. Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic 1. Previous PlasticFlow 2025 Plastic Packaging Flow Data Report. Of the 6.3 billion tonnes of fossil fuel-derived plastic (FFP) waste produced to date, only 9% has been recycled; the rest being incinerated (12%) or dumped into the environment (79%). This research paper sees the increasing plastic wastes in the ocean the major threat to the marine… In just one week, from bottled water alone, the US produces enough discarded bottles to circle the planet five times. Beaumont, Nicola J., et al., Marine pollution bulletin 142 (2019): 189-195. Despite efforts being made within marine plastic pollution (e.g., the Global Partnership on Marine Litter [GPML] and the Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection [GESAMP], both of which are United Nations [UN] initiatives), no one is tackling the global plastics problem more widely. Production of Eucheuma spread rapidly in the Philippines, which soon displaced Canada as the top world Economic Loss Marine debris is an eyesore along shorelines around the world. Marine pollution in the oceans costs loss of billions of dollars to humanity every year due to lost and damaged resources. The costs of plastic (World Finance) – The economic impact of the plastic challenge. to estimate the annual worldwide costs associated with marine plastic pollution for 2018 in selected economic sectors. https://www.iucn.org/resources/issues-briefs/marine-plastics A semi-systematic literature review of 1191 data points provides the basis to determine the global ecological, social and economic impacts. Related economic costs include those linked to clean-up operations, litter removal, the repair and replacement of damaged vessels and gear, reduced fishing catches, and a decline in coastal tourism and impact on related … Marine Debris as a Global Environmental Problem 3 Marine habitats worldwide are contaminated with man-made debris. The impacts of (micro)plastics are not limited to the ecosystems where the plastic materials accumulate; the impacts are vibrant, affecting the political, social, and economic spheres, where they induce secondary and tertiary consequences, a typical characteristic of global risks . An estimated 4.8–12.7 million metric tons of plastic entered the world's oceans from land-based sources in 2010 alone,andthefluxofplasticstotheoceansispredictedtoincreaseby anorderofmagnitudewithinthenextdecade(Jambecketal.,2015). The presence Post navigation. However, what we have learned about the environmental benefits and risks of sharp drops in global economic activity will certainly help us to better understand the mechanics of environmental sustainability, societal consumption patterns, and how we can reduce environmental degradation in a future crisis-free world. A semi- systematic literature review of 1191 data points provides the basis to determine the global ecological, social and economic impacts. Fisheries, aquaculture, recreational activities and global wellbeing are all negatively affected by plastic pollution, with an estimated 1-5% decline in the benefit humans derive from oceans. Plastic items consistently represent the major categories of marine debris by material type on a global basis. Clear Blue Sea’s innovation is the Floating Robot for Eliminating Debris (FRED), which is designed to collect marine debris in lakes, rivers, bays, and oceans. We also review and synthesize the sources of marine plastic litter including economic drivers, human activities, and pathways, quantify the pressures of marine plastic litter on the marine environment, analyse It degrades the beauty of the coastal environment and, in many cases, may cause economic loss if an area is a popular tourist destination. But the effects of ... potential negative ecological, social and economic impacts of microplastics is much By compiling data from existing research literature for Europe, Asia, Africa, Middle East, the Americas and Oceania, we estimate that marine plastic pollution could have resulted in an economic loss of USD 6 to USD 19 billion for 87 coastal countries in 2018. 14. An ecosystem impact analysis demonstrates that there is global evidence of impact with medium to high frequency on all subjects, with a medium to … These help us to manage and reduce impacts on the environment or on communities throughout the lifetime of the project, from initial planning through to final decommissioning. A review of global marine plastic research. At a global scale, marine litter is mainly composed of plastic. It is not clear what strategies will be most effective in mitigating harm from the global problem of plastic pollution. Wildlife entanglement and ingestion, economic costs, and habitat damage are some impacts of marine debris. Impacts of plastics in the marine environment on our biodiversity: Starvation of species due to the ingestion of large amounts of plastic; effort to reduce the ecological, human health, and economic impacts of plastics, involving the full spectrum of civil society, government and intergovernmental organizations, and the private sector. "Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic." Although research outlining environmental, social, and economic impacts of marine plastic pollution is growing, few studies have examd. ↑ UNEP. Global plastic production currently exceeds 300 million metric tons per year. Marine plastic pollution is a global problem. “Global Research Priorities to Mitigate Plastic Pollution Impacts on Marine Wildlife.” Endangered Species Research 25 (3): 225–47. pp. This study analysed the issue of marine plastic litter pollution in the context of the Descriptor 10 of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and Good Environmental Status of the oceans and seas. A semi-systematic literature review of 1191 data points provides the basis to determine the global ecological, social and economic impacts. PART 3: The effects of marine plastic litter on economic sectors 27 3.1 Fisheries 29 3.2 Shipping 31 3.3 Tourism 33 PART 4: Findings and recommendations 35 Key findings, knowledge gaps and recommendations 36 ANNEX 41 1.1 Types of marine plastic litter, sources and its ecological impacts 41 Marine Pollution Bulletin, 142. 2015. Marine Pollution Bulletin Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. Marine shipping-derived air pollution impacts environmental and human health. Global plastic production started shortly after WWII, around the 1950s (PlasticsEurope, 2010), and became a popular household item around the same time (Time, 1955). There is no time to waste. Extensive research is underway into the sources, distribution and impacts of plastic, but the transference of this research into meaningful … – waste360.com Plastics finding their way into the world’s oceans costs approximately AUD$17.3 billion per year in environmental damage to marine ecosystems. Local authorities have to bear the cost of cleaning up plastic litter from beaches, maintaining litter traps and bins etc. The Study: Researchers analyzed the impacts of plastic pollution on three critical ecosystem services. marine litter costs the EU fishing fleet USD 82 million/year. Dr Nicola Beaumont is an interdisciplinary scientist, combining marine science with environmental economics. Tourism has the ability, according to the UNWTO to promote economic growth in developing countries, but without doubt there are several case studies globally where tourism has had significant negative social, economic and environmental impacts. To protect our oceans and prevent an ever increasing ecological, social and economic catastrophe at a global level, states must act decisively and negotiate a legally binding international treaty to combat marine plastic pollution as a matter of urgency. Plastic debris has been found to transport a wide range of marine organisms across the Ocean, facilitating biological invasions of non-indigenous species which can have adverse impacts on native biodiversity and alter ecosystem functioning. 8 J. Jambeck et al. Plastic is popular because it is flexible, lightweight, and sustainable. 51 (21). Marine Debris as a Global Environmental Problem Published on Nov 7, 2011 This document explores the underlying cause of land-based plastic debris entering the marine … Plastic debris is unsightly; it damages fisheries and tourism, kills and Marine plastic – the millions of tonnes of discarded bags, bottles, toys, condoms, rubber ducks and any number of other items that flow into the world’s oceans –is having a phenomenal global impact across the entire ecological system, costing in the trillions of lost revenue according to an exhaustive study published this week in the May edition of the Marine Pollution Bulletin. Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic. Negative human wellbeing impacts, particularly fisheries, heritage, recreation. Economic costs conjectured: $3300–$33,000 per tonne of marine plastic per year. This research takes a holistic approach to considering the consequences of marine plastic pollution. While our knowledge of ocean plastics is far from complete, the best availabl… "Mixing it up in the oceans Ten Brink et al (2009) reiterated that the understanding of the economic significance of marine litter remains relatively limited and this is particularly relevant at the Scottish scale. Impact on Marine Mammals and Sea Birds. 1 A socio-economic study in support of the UNEP study on marine plastic debris 1.1 Marine litter, its sources and impacts Recent research has estimated that in … A new study is the first study to measure the economic impact marine plastic pollution has on ecosystem services. The Study: Researchers analyzed the impacts of plastic pollution on three critical ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are the direct and indirect benefits ecosystems provide us. Negative human wellbeing impacts, particularly fisheries, heritage, recreation. Marine plastic pollution is a symptom of an inherently wasteful linear plastic economy, costing us more than US$ 2.2 trillion per year. and Lau et al. According to a study published in the Marine Pollution Bulletin, plastic pollution in the ocean costs society up to $2.5 trillion a year. There are negative impacts on the provision of almost all marine ecosystem services. Impacts. This in turn affects ecosystem services, the economic activities relying on those services for revenue generation, sustainable livelihoods and the well-being of communities and citizens. Marine Pollution Bulletin . An estimated 8m tons of plastic pollution enter the world’s oceans every year. Dr Nicola Beaumont, an environmental economist at Plymouth Marine Laboratory, who led the study, said the investigation was the first of its kind to explore the social and economic impact of plastics in the sea. Everyday, billions of people around the world rely on fish and seafood as a direct source of nutrition and a means of income. pollution costs $13 billion in economic damage to marine ecosystems per Single-use plastics (plastic bags and microbeads) are a significant source of this pollution. A semi-systematic literature review of 1191 data points provides the basis to determine the global ecological, social and economic impacts. Marine plastic debris affects multiple industries, our global economy, and it could well be affecting our health too With such stories proliferating in the news and beginning to weigh on the consumer conscience, the UK banned the use of microbeads in the cosmetic industry in January 2018. “The Regional Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for Asia and the Pacific”. ABOUT THE JOURNAL Frequency: 2 issues/year ISSN: 1750-6816 E-ISSN: 1750-6824 2019 JCR Impact Factor*: 6.487 The Review of Environmental Economics and Policy is an official journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists and the European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists. Marine plastic pollution is one of the most conspicuous environmental challenges of the Anthropocene. 31% of global fish stocks have disappeared. doi:10.3354/esr00623. The Ecological Impacts of Marine Plastic Debris in the South Pacific Region Isabella Chowra Supervisors: Monika Olsson, Esther Richards and David Haynes ... of islands, cultural norms, and the economic situation make it challenging for the ... the global fishing fleet uses plastic gear that sometimes is lost at sea or even discarded Despite the uncertainties, marine litter also impacts upon ecosystem services. A semisystematic literature review of 1191 data points provides the basis to determine the global ecological, social and economic impacts. Plastic pollution costs $13 billion in economic damage to marine ecosystems per year. Environmental Science & Technology. Marine wildlife such as seabirds, whales, fishes and turtles, mistake plastic waste for prey, and most die of starvation as their stomachs are filled with plastic debris. will address marine plastic pollution on a systemic level. An ecosystem impact analysis demonstrates that there is global evidence of impact with medium to high frequency on all subjects, with … More Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic Plastic Waste Inputs from Land into the Ocean. Since plastic production began in the 1950s, plastic debris has been accumulating in our marine environment. Ecological Economics, doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106521 The first seaweed farm was established jointly in 1969 by U.S.-based Marine Colloids Inc. (MCI) and University of Hawaii Professor Maxwell Doty in the southern Philippines province of Tawi-Tawi [2]. Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic Beaumont et al. Marine plastic debris and microplastics have substantial negative effects on marine ecosystems. The five main categories of marine debris comprise of plastic, paper, metal, textile, glass and rubber. discuss possible solutions and their impacts. 347 (6223). REEP fills the gap between traditional academic journals and the general … 2019. in the marine environment, hereafter referred to as ‘marine plastic’ (Geyer et al., 2017). The World Economic Forum, in collaboration with the World Resources Institute, convenes the Friends of Ocean Action, a coalition of leaders working together to protect the seas. Marine debris, defined as any persistent manufactured or processed solid material discarded, disposed of or abandoned in the marine and coastal environment, has been highlighted as a contaminant of global environmental and economic concern. A new study is the first study to measure the economic impact marine plastic pollution has on ecosystem services.. Data on the economic impacts of marine litter in Scotland is sparse. Overfishing is a global problem with many serious social, economic and environmental implications. The impact of marine plastic pollution on UK society, economy and environment is poorly understood but likely to be substantial. Marine plastics are also emerging as an important vector for the spread of invasive species and pathogens. An estimated 8m tons of plastic pollution enter the world’s oceans every year. a global assessment Microplastics in the ocean Small pieces of plastic, commonly referred to as ... and fishing nets, can have obvious direct impacts on marine life and society. From a programme with the Indonesian government to cut plastic waste entering the sea to a global plan to track illegal fishing, the Friends are pushing for new solutions. Valuation of marine plastic pollution in the European Arctic: Applying an integrated choice and latent variable model to contingent valuation. ecological, technical, institutional and other systems ... Fundin Aenc Economic and Social Research ouncil Plastic pollution is a lobal phenomenon ith sinicant impacts on the marine and coastal environment he physical properties and uncertainties associated ith marine plastic combined ith Plastic pollution in the ocean is a global tragedy adversely affecting marine organisms and humans alike. Research highlights true impacts of plastics on our planet, ecosystems, people. Environmental and Health Implications of Plastic Pollution: A Pakistan Perspective: 10.4018/978-1-5225-9452-9.ch003: Plastic pollution is one of the prime and alarming issues in developing countries that has vast environmental and human health impacts which need to be Bali's beaches present prime examples and an opportunity to study the socio-economic effects this has on coastal communities. The issue of marine plastic litter pollution is multifaceted, cross-sectoral, and ongoing in the absence of appropriate management measures. ecological conditions made cultivation possible. (2019) estimates the ecosystem service impacts of the presence of marine plastic, with implications for human health and wellbeing, linked particularly to fisheries, heritage and charismatic species, and recreation. Global ecological, social and economic impacts of marine plastic - Open access. Ecosystem services are the direct and indirect benefits ecosystems provide us. and marine worms but not restricted to those requiring running seawater. - In 2016, Susan Baer co-founded Clear Blue Sea, a nonprofit with a mission to cleanse the oceans of plastic pollution. YouTube. 189-195. In addition to the plastic pollution found in the ocean, researchers are finding more and more plastic washing up on the shores of remote islands, and in the bellies of dead sea birds and marine mammals. 52% of sea turtles have plastics in their belly.
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