Kautilya is believed to be an author of a fascinating ancient Sanskrit treatise on statecraft, “Arthashastra.” ... rather than insist they had to be driven by ancient strategic thought? Following the death of Alexander the Great, Kautilya planned and It [Indian strategic culture] therefore draws on Chanakya’s (Kautilya’s) secular treatise, the Arthashastra, which closely parallels Niccolo Machiavelli’s The Prince, as an exposition of monarchical statecraft, realpolitik in inter-state balances of power, and the practices of war and peace.” The two Foreign Ministers seem — separately and in their own way . Objective The key objective of the study is to examine the importance of the Kautiyan thought on disaster management and proving its current relevance. Strategic Dimension of India- Pakistan Relations: Genesis of India-Pakistan Conflict, Indo-Pak Military balance, The Kashmir Question, Pakistan Sponsored Terrorism, Pakistan's Nuclear Strategy, The Powers Structure of Pakistan, Contentious. His book Arthaashastra is on war and diplomacy. Unfortunately, instead of… how and under what circumstances military force should be used. But contrary to this, Kautilya says that ‘of strength, place and time, each is helpful to the other’. ings towards Strategic Thought, Kautilya’s Arthashastra appealed to me as a text, which lay at the interface of philosophy and grand strategy. 11. STRATEGIC THOUGHT. Attributed to the fourth century B.C., this classical treatise on state and statecraft rests at the intersection of political theory and international relations. An Overview of Kautilya, the Mauryan Empire, and the Arthaśāstra Kautilya, or Chanakya, was a famous teacher at Taxila University (near Peshawar, in modern Pakistan). Many of the Indians were found responding some of those (thanks to them and NFB for providing them the opportunity). Text of address delivered at Kautilya Fellows Programme hosted by India Foundation on February 18, 2019 My topic is India’s strategic thought from Kautilya to Modi. ), who first united the Indian subcontinent in empire. Indian strategic culture has manifold influences and one such is the thinker Kautilya. Literature Review Sihag (2004) researched Kautilya on the scope and methodology of accounting, organizational design and the role of ethics in ancient India. India’s tradition of realist strategic thought is probably the oldest in the world. Through Johnston’s lens, answers to three inter-related questions about orderliness of the external environment are extrapolated from the … In his work, “Politics as a Vocation,” Max Weber found the advice of Kautilya to be so calculating, wily and ruthless as to render Machiavellian thought “harmless”[7] (Runcimann, translated by Matthews, 1978). His book is still being analyzed and discussed in the strategic community around the Globe. This is reflective of the fact f12 A text on philosophy and strategy that Arthashastra as a text does engage with the normative. Conceptual categories emanating from China’s classic texts on strategy could shape modern Chinese leadership thought in ways that may indicate present behaviour Strange enough, Kautilya’s Arthashastra, a classic work of political theory and statecraft, has remained on the sidelines of the political science and strategic discourse not only in the West, but even in India itself. Kautilya‘s Arthashastra provides an insight into the ancient Indian anthology of political wisdom, theory, and the art of statecraft. Therefore, we have to interrogate briefly the concept of strategic culture before turning to Indian strategic culture and its main ideational ingredient: Kautilya’s Arthashastra. Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu also identifies two basic trends of strategic thought in India, both of which originate in antiquity: the idealist tradition which goes back to Ashoka and leads to Gandhi on the one hand, and a realist tradition that dates back to Kautilya on the other hand. (developed in Hindu political thought) and the science of enquiry (philosophy) in Kautilyan grand strategic design is a resounding rebuttal to the more popular attribution to the text as furthering ‘cynical, amoral power politics’. So, despite growing realism in foreign policy, quixotic traditions from the Nehruvian era still persist to this day. China and India in the perspective of Sun Tzu and Kautilya’s thought Akash Reza 1.Over the last few months, herein ‘News from Bangladesh’, there were many views highlighting Indian attitude and character. Yet India has forgotten its own realist strategic thought, as propounded before Christ by the strategist Kautilya (also known as Chanakya). Apparently, there remain significant questions concerning the manner in which the strategic … How does modern India relate to Kautilya? One can treat the terms “security studies” and “strategic studies” as synonymous and as pertaining to the study of the interaction of policy ends with military and other means under conditions of actual or potential conflict. Scholars have opined differently. Strategic risks then is the probability of failure in achieving a strategic objective at an acceptable cost. thoughts of Kautilya with present disaster management scenario. How does modern India relate to Kautilya? Be subtle! This is a comprehensive Mandala theory. Write an essay on Kautilyas theory of state? Hypothesis Kautilya’s Arthashastra is an effective guide for management of natural and manmade disasters Some […] All warfare, according to Sun Tzu is based on deception, and deceiving the opponent. Garde (2003) made a study on Chanakya ‘s (Kautilya) aphorisms on management. In the ultimate analysis, the end state in Kautilya… Chankaya Kautilya was an Indian political strategic thinker around 300 BCE. Kautilya explained the entire course of state formation and conduct of its foreign policy through war and diplomacy in order to maximise the power of state. The Indian strategic thought was seen as starting from Kautilya which has been the much celebrated thinker but even in the Kautilya Arthsastra the aspect with regard to strategy and warfighting are discussed very later in the book. Topics: Maurya Empire, Chandragupta Maurya, Chanakya Pages: 25 (10711 words) Published: March 24, 2011. As one of history’s most astute strategic theorists, Kautilya offers numerous examples of thinking strategically. ... Kautilian model of foreign policy for inter-state relations is still relevant in contemporary Indian Strategic thought. They reflect Kautilya and Sun Tzu ironically. Through examining Kautilya’s ancient Hindu statecraft as a lens to unpack contemporary Indian strategic culture, case studies from the South Asian small powers of Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan and Bangladesh will illustrate how the ‘string of pearls’ was formed. Strategic Planning 2300 Years Ago The Strategy of Kautilya The students and writers of strategy differ in their opinions regarding the 'best' way to formulate, implement, and control the strategic planning process. He presented a comprehensive theoretical framework of inter-state relations and foreign policy, knowns as the Mandala Theory in his work Arthashastra, which has deeply influenced contemporary Indian strategic culture and regional domination strategy. 4. But, as in war, the simplest things in strategy are the most difficult. His book Arthaashastra is on war and diplomacy. It is in this backdrop that a journey towards understanding the intellectual tradition of Arthashastra was undertaken. This book brings the wisdom of Kautilya's text-a tour de force in strategic thinking-to the present political discourse, emphasizing the relevance of this ancient text to contemporary world affairs. Rooted in the Hindu philosophy and the concept of Dharma, Arthasastra, a grand strategic work, deals with the nature of state, power, morality, ends-mean-ways, and foreign policy. Following his methodological framework, Kautilya’s Arthashastra is identified as the ‘formative’ ideational strategic text which is assessed to illuminate Indian strategic culture. Kautilya is the first thinker who secularized politics and infused subterfuge and deceitful methods into policy and strategy to gain victory in wars. (7) The Use of Spies And Assassins. Kautilyas Theory. Introduction Chankaya Kautilya was an Indian political strategic thinker around 300 BCE. The importance and relevance of such strategies and concepts could be enriching to the contemporary world. This definition means that security/strategic studies can be a fairly broad field. introduce the concept of contemporary strategic thought. Kautilya was the main advisor of the king Chandragupta, in his rule the biggest Hindu empire came into being. 5. It is one of the major political and strategic treatises that constitute a collection of timeless concepts. Narayana (2002) integrated Kautilya’s Arthashastra into strategic leadership. Abstract: Kautilya was the key adviser to the Indian king Chandragupta Maurya (c. 317-293 B.C.E. We investigate first Nehru’s ‘special relationship’ to Kautilya and then turn to the mainly ‘latent presence’ of Kautilyan thought among the political, academic and strategic elites of today’s India—using Bourdieu’s concept of ‘habitus’. Kautilya, also known as Chanakya, has been recognized as a statesman and classical Indian philosopher of political realism. Strategic culture may shape leaders’ interpretation of international events and preferences for responses, i.e. The understanding of strategic culture or attitudes, thus, can be a useful tool in the analysis of the strategic policies of a state. Issues: Siachin, Sir Creek, River Waters, etc. Kautilya’s Arthashastra engages with his predecessors on the subject and offers his own suggestion on the prospective excellences (outstanding features) of state and statecraft. Brilliant scholarly analysis complemented with in-depth academic enquiry gives this work an edge over all that has been written on Arthashastra so far. KFP 2019 – Kautilya Fellows Programme. Kautilya favors peace over war, because he asserts that in most situations, peace is more conducive to creation of wealth, prosperity and security of the people. Leaders and strategic advisors must be able to aggregate these perspectives to develop a holistic view of the issues, cut across the functional areas and see how the efforts of the whole can be integrated to achieve a desired effect. Using modern political science vocabulary, Medha Bisht inquires into Arthasastra ’s philosophy, ideas and methodology and their contemporary relevance. For Sun Tzu, strategic positioning is critical to obtain a strategic advantage. STRATEGIC THOUGHTSTRATEGIC THOUGHT Carl von Clausewitz (1780–1831), modern Europe's great strategist, considered the purpose of war to be the imposition of the victor's will over the enemy (strategy), and the destruction of the adversary's main force in decisive battle (tactics). One very important question that at the very outset I want to raise is as to whether India has had a strategic thought, ever. This event will bring together as participants, researchers, academicians and enthusiasts from across India, India’s neighbouring countries and from key partner nations. His book is still being analysed and discussed in the strategic … Adopting a hermeneutic approach, the book discusses certain homologies related to concepts such as power, order, and morality. This article discusses the teachings of Kautilya as compiled in his book The Arthashastra and argues that his ideas are important for the understanding of Indian strategic culture. Indian strategic culture has manifold influences and one such is the thinker Kautilya. Kautilya-The teacher of Kautilya says that of strength, place and time, strength is the best; for a man who is possessed by strength can overcome any difficulties. The book credibly establishes “Kautilya as an "For whatever reason, the western scholars have mostly ignored the Arthasastra, a majestic work on statecraft by Kautilya, a third-century bc Indian scholar and statesman. Master Sun-‘Be subtle! Strategic culture is the context that surrounds and gives meaning to strategic behavior and this behavior is affected by culturally shaped or “encultured” people, organizations, procedures and weapons.71 Thus, a thorough understanding of Kautilya’s ideas is useful in deciphering Indian strategic culture. This book examines in detail the strategic relevance of the Arthashastra. Kautilya preceded Machiavelli by many hundreds of years, thus Kautilya could be said to be Machiavelli’s intellectual ancestor. Kautilya, in the Arthashastra, suggests that the state must always be adequately fortified, its armed forces prepared and resourced to defend itself against acts of war. Clausewitz also postulated that strategy was neither an art nor a science but an act of human intercourse. In the Kautilya’s Arthashastra, the entire process of a strategic and intelligence appreciation has been made into discreet and logical parts in a ‘scientific’ manner to be thought through. The concept is simple to articulate and easy to understand.
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